Seeing Red? What to Know about 1st Trimester Bleeding
While experiencing vaginal bleeding in early pregnancy can understandably cause concern, it's not always a sign of something serious. Around a quarter of all pregnant individuals will experience some bleeding in the first trimester. Bleeding can stem from various factors, many of which are normal and do not pose any risk to the pregnancy. Implantation bleeding occurs when a fertilized egg attaches to the uterine lining resulting in light spotting or pinkish discharge. Hormonal changes can lead to cervical irritation, resulting in minor bleeding. Increased blood flow to the cervix during pregnancy can make it more susceptible to bleeding after intercourse or a pelvic exam. Cervical polyps, benign growths on the cervix, may cause light bleeding as well. Other causes of bleeding may be monitored by your doctor. A subchorionic hematoma is a collection of blood that forms between the uterine wall and the chorionic membrane surrounding the embryo. This will cause bleeding and can be identified on an ultrasound. The majority of pregnancies affected by a subchorionic hematoma will progress normally. Sometimes, vaginal bleeding may be a sign of a more concerning complication such as a miscarriage or ectopic pregnancy. Because of this, it is important to notify your obstetric provider’s office when you experience vaginal bleeding in the first trimester. They will likely ask you questions about the amount of bleeding you are having, the color of the bleeding, and if you are experiencing any cramping or pain. Bleeding that is bright red, a period-like amount or heavier, and occuring at the same time as cramps or pelvic and back pain is more concerning and will likely require same-day evaluation. Bleeding that is light such as spotting and brown in color is less concerning because it suggests the blood is old and occurred some time ago but is now making its way out of the body. It is not always possible to identify the exact cause of vaginal bleeding in the first trimester, but it is always worth contacting your provider as they may recommend ultrasound or laboratory follow-up.
TAKE AWAY:
Contact your obstetric provider if you experience vaginal bleeding in the first trimester but be reassured that for many, spotting or light bleeding does not indicate a complication